Litofaniya (with al-Greek. "Lithos" - stone, "phainein" - cover) - is the art of highlighting the relief pattern made on a translucent translucent materials such as porcelain, glass or plastic. In other words, litofaniya consists of a thin material, mainly from square boards, and the light source, such as a candle or a lamp.
Because of the varying thickness of material used, the light passes unevenly, and more bottlenecks highlighted in brighter and thicker, respectively, the dimmer.
As a result, the picture comes to life, becomes heavier and deeper, with a 3-D effect, that is, from all sides, it will look different. But it works only when the light source, since the combination of light and dark values plays a key role in the creation of this bas-relief. No lighting is a picture loses its form - it becomes flat and monotonous.
This art was first used in China, as a distinguishing mark of this china. At the bottom of the cup or dish made with embossed image of a person smiling girl, and this was evident only in the light. Similar phenomena can be seen these days - in the antique shops often sell sets with unusual Chinese bottomed, you should pay attention.
Later this technique was used for glass and plastic, the resulting pictures were hung on the window and began to highlight the candles and lamps.
Thanks to modern technology, with the help of LED bulbs, the light reveals the finest details of the image, it becomes even more lively and voluminous.
Especially popular litofaniya was basically in the middle of the XIX-th century and the first patent was issued in 1827 in Paris. Soon, most manufacturers of porcelain allowed this technique to mass production, with competitors copying each other new models. But the most sought-after commodity in the years 1830-1865 were products for ceilings. Then, for unknown reasons, the popularity of this art rapidly subsided.
Only in 1949 with the filing of Gottfried Henklyayna production litofanii brightened. To this day, the factory produces more and more reasons to date they have accumulated more than 2500 different models.
The love of fine thread stretched litofanii through the centuries, making this art survived to this day. That's right, makes sense grandfather saying, "Everything is new - is well forgotten old"
original source uhouse.ru
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