One of the most beautiful kinds of lamps at the present time, the lamp is decorated with litofaniey, art, patented in the early XIX century.

Litofaniya (with al-Greek. "Lithos" - stone, "phainein" - cover) - is the art of highlighting the relief pattern made on a translucent translucent materials such as porcelain, glass or plastic. In other words, litofaniya consists of a thin material, mainly from square boards, and the light source, such as a candle or a lamp.

Because of the varying thickness of material used, the light passes unevenly, and more bottlenecks highlighted in brighter and thicker, respectively, the dimmer.

As a result, the picture comes to life, becomes heavier and deeper, with a 3-D effect, that is, from all sides, it will look different. But it works only when the light source, since the combination of light and dark values ​​plays a key role in the creation of this bas-relief. No lighting is a picture loses its form - it becomes flat and monotonous.

This art was first used in China, as a distinguishing mark of this china. At the bottom of the cup or dish made with embossed image of a person smiling girl, and this was evident only in the light. Similar phenomena can be seen these days - in the antique shops often sell sets with unusual Chinese bottomed, you should pay attention.

Later this technique was used for glass and plastic, the resulting pictures were hung on the window and began to highlight the candles and lamps.

Thanks to modern technology, with the help of LED bulbs, the light reveals the finest details of the image, it becomes even more lively and voluminous.

Especially popular litofaniya was basically in the middle of the XIX-th century and the first patent was issued in 1827 in Paris. Soon, most manufacturers of porcelain allowed this technique to mass production, with competitors copying each other new models. But the most sought-after commodity in the years 1830-1865 were products for ceilings. Then, for unknown reasons, the popularity of this art rapidly subsided.

Only in 1949 with the filing of Gottfried Henklyayna production litofanii brightened. To this day, the factory produces more and more reasons to date they have accumulated more than 2500 different models.

The love of fine thread stretched litofanii through the centuries, making this art survived to this day. That's right, makes sense grandfather saying, "Everything is new - is well forgotten old"

original source uhouse.ru

Primitive man, choosing his cave for the night, the first thing it threw a fire to warm and illuminate your home.
Built castles, drawing room is truly magnificent, the lighting in their interior has played a significant role, chic chandeliers and sconces on the walls, fireplaces, gave a fantastic, warm light.
In 1854 the German Heinrich Goebel developed the first incandescent light bulb, patented it by the Russian scientist Alexander Lodygin in 1874, she so far illuminate our homes.

Today, well-spread coverage in the apartment is not easy even an engineer, working together engineers and designers leads to a fantastic solution.

The direction of the light depends on our perception of the shape of the object. The transition from light to shadow gives us a sense of relief by changing the lighting, we are changing the scope of the subject. The room can vary depending on the lighting, drastically changing the interior rooms and our perception of space.

In designing the design of apartments, houses need to be considered natural daylight. The set of artificial light and natural, creating warmth and comfort affects our mood.

The decision by the light of architectural problems, the solution space, the volume of the interior rooms, isolation areas, priority.

Design decisions in the organization is to deal with lighting the lamp shape, lighting aesthetics, choice of colors, materials of construction and light source technology used in their manufacture.

Goal is to increase the space. Move the wall to raise the ceiling, this is a difficult task, and even in some cases not feasible. We solve it with the world. Hidden light will give us the opportunity, without having to remove the walls visually enlarge the space. Hiding the light source for architectural details such as cornices, ceiling suspension part, or cap relief wall. You can also use the built-in reception of light, falling down the wall, he visually "razdvinet" wall. If a light source positioned below the floor level, we obtain the effect of the separation wall and floors. Before us there the light barrier, the illusion of weightlessness, detachment from reality.

Hidden light used in the niches, kitchen sets, cabinets, in various capacities, will give a new perception of things and furniture in the apartment. Highlighting paintings, artifacts, shelving for books, attracts our attention.

To create the interior of the house, we choose the chandelier, which is centered at the ceiling, wall sconces for lighting certain areas, light fixtures. The task of the designer to choose and distribute all of these species.

If you manage to combine architectural and design solutions in the same apartment, to find solutions that are of interest to you and your guests, you will feel calm, comfort and bliss. Your life will change, coming home from work, you'll enjoy great ideas embodied in the design of your apartment, it will please you, cold winters, hot summers. Your guests will feel great in comfortable, interesting rooms.

original source uhouse.ru

Architecture and light are inextricably linked, as the evening sets in the house lose their appeal, and a lighting design can make up the volume, shape and color, and give new life to objects of the interior.

The main feature of the hall is that it is almost not present daylight. Therefore it is necessary to compensate for this shortcoming. It is better to create a diffused lighting with wall lamps, which will be directed at the ceiling. In this case, the sharply defined shadows will disappear, and the walls will visually appear above.

And to reduce the visual height of the ceiling is recommended to use wall sconces with adjustable angle to leave the ceiling in the shade.

The bedroom is preferable to use lamps with shades made ​​of fabric and shades of frosted glass. Traditional create general lighting in the room - it's a classic ceiling fixture that directs the light beam to the top of the walls and ceiling and is located in the center of the room.

Orienting lights in the bedroom can be accomplished with the help of local sources - high table lamps, wall lamps and floor lamps that are located directly beside the bed. To create a diffused lighting, you need to place a small light evenly over the cornices: Hidden from the eyes of light sources cast beams to the ceiling and then reflected down and scattered in the bedroom.

The kitchen is the room where always need lots of light, so it is appropriate to use high-power halogen lamps, which are better placed above the working area.

Often, such a surface illumination is created using the built-in shelves, a light source. And the best option is to use elongated tubes or equipment mounted exhaust powerful lights.

But the general lighting can be anything: built-in ceiling lamps or single lamp with a frosted shade.

The most versatile room in the house is the living room. Here and rest, and work and take guests. But even in a small room is convenient to divide the territory into zones. For the light sources used local zoning of light, and from the usual single light source should be abandoned.

It is better to combine the light, since the coffee table and chairs will need a desktop soft lighting, and over the dinner table would be appropriate to bright light. Therefore it is possible to supplement the overall ceiling light floor lamp or a soft atrial wall.

Bathroom would benefit from a powerful light that will sparkle on the chrome and tile, as well as reflected in the mirrors. But in this quest for beauty should remember about the security requirements that must be hard to observe in the bathroom lighting: lamps must necessarily be protected from moisture. Lighting a lamp is most suited for smaller spaces.

And in the spacious bathroom fixtures set a few, given that more than a source of light, so their power can be lower. The most popular sources of light in the bathroom is called halogen lamps that provide high illumination. Unique effect in the bathroom floor is created by the lighting.

original source uhouse.ru

In an era of discovery, conquest, and exploration of new lands by Europeans in Asia, Africa and America, began its development in the colonial style interior design. And his definition of a colonial style was from the Latin word «colonus» columns. Roman columns named persons on the outskirts, in the province, while the vast Roman Empire.

On reclaimed new lands was not a building, much less familiar to Europeans comfort. Therefore, furnished our new lands, the European colonizers sought to create in the new lands of the conditions of life to which they are accustomed to at home. They built houses and created the interiors of the premises by type in Europe. In order to provide themselves with the usual amenities, the colonizers brought furniture, decor, dining room and kitchen utensils. However, over time, local color press oneself in architecture and interior design. Thus, there is interpenetration of cultures and metropolitan areas of the colonies, and there was the colonial style. Colonial style finally emerged in the second half of the 19th century. At a time when ethnic styles are becoming more popular, colonial style is fashionable and popular.
Furnishings in a colonial style made ​​of natural materials and, in general, either manually or under simulated manual production.

Floors in rooms in colonial style, made ​​of large moraines or bleached board. In areas with a humid regime mosaic tile or natural stone.
The walls are painted white or light pastel tones. On the walls may be open masonry or natural wood veneer. The color scheme of the whole interior is kept out of the natural nuances of colors: ocher, terra cotta, color, aged wood, olive and gold. For decoration and design of buildings placed on the walls of photos, landscapes, still life, decorative plates, fans, carved panels of dark wood, horns of wild animals.

Colonial furniture is handmade furniture from natural wood dark tones. For furniture used teak wood.
This wood is not afraid of moisture and is ideal for carving. For furniture also use a yew, Asian walnut, mahogany and Chinese wood species rubber and tulip tree. For the manufacture of modern furniture in colonial style popular rattan and water hyacinth for weaving. In a simple concise form of furniture with braided trim and carved, often with images of humans and animals.
Wicker and carved decoration is one of the characteristics of colonial furniture. Another characteristic is the black "animal" theme. On the subjects of an interior discern the outlines of animals, the legs of sofas and tables are made ​​in the form of lions' paws, and the back seat is decorated with figures of elephants.

On chairs and sofas with bright cushions of velvet embroidered pillowcases elegant designs with gold thread and decorated with sequins.

On the windows bamboo blinds or rejection of fully decorating the windows with the benefit of a beautiful species from the windows.

On the floor will look appropriate mats and carpets with floral or geometric pattern.

The interior has a lot of accessories. Candlesticks, table lamps, chandeliers, mirrors, screens create a sophisticated atmosphere. For the manufacture of accessories used bronze, brass, marble, leather, linen, silk. But the most stylish accessories in the interior colonial style are the trunks, wicker and leather suitcases, travel suitcases and baskets.

The interior is always present live exotic plants that are planted in clay flower pots.

original source uhouse.ru

The terrace is a little extension of our home. When the weather is nice you can live outdoors in the countryside and cities while remaining in full, and not just in summer. contrasting with plants such as geranium and citronella or mosquito-anchel'incubo specific products, you can enjoy a good meal or sunbathe or just lounge or study. If you love privacy, then, there are many plants - even at fast-growth that completely shield from view of neighbors. We thought to proponrre below a series of beautiful projects for terraces, balconies and outdoor areas from which to draw inspiration for our own urban oasis!
Originally this court looked trivial and sad to heat the atmosphere and add some style to it, has replaced the concrete floor with squares of iroko wood and has created a dining area that becomes an extension of kitchen in the summer. two large terracotta pots accommodate a glossy magnolia and giant ficus, two plants that need little water. the terrace at night is lit by torches-lamps that fit into the land of the vessel and give charm and intimacy.

In an urban environment often many apartments open onto a large central courtyard. to gain an intimate corner, isolated sight of neighbors can plant bamboo. its rapid growth and dense foliage create a kind of tent plant that carries us into a world almost tropical. the sides of vessels concrete house ivy creates the effect of a green carpet, and long strips of spruce treated for outdoor use have been chosen for the floor.

The landscape architect Christopher Bradley-Hole to counteract the gray skies of London has designed a terrace where the view of the city is hidden by a fifth plant that allows light to pass through. around a central bridge in cedar wood, large vases of irises and tulips host plants. ground square cement flower beds are dedicated to herbs. other pots are planted with grasses, fast growth, easy to grow and resistant to cold and rainy English weather.

Inspired by the gardens of Provence, the architect of the Green hugues peuvergne just turned a terrace of 40 sqm in a true Mediterranean garden. a place where the scent of the jasmine, lavender and herbs intoxicates the mind, while at the center a pergola made ​​from branches of chestnut intertwined with wisteria protects from the sun and creates a delightful spot to laze in peace while being in the city center .

This terrace has been transformed thanks to the floor covered with plates machined grating (grid of typical boats) the essence of IPE. is emphasized by the sea air bamboo shower while the shade is provided by an old olive tree planted in a wooden container that serves both a seat and étagère.

In front of Venice, the island of Giudecca, the suite of palladium ' Hotel Cipriani opens onto a small terrace that offers breathtaking views over the lagoon. a true spa is recessed in the floor boards. Jacuzzi to relax and a small pool for swimming against the tide. intimacy is preserved boxwood and pittosporum and a fragrant jasmine climbs over the railing.

original Source http://designandmore.myblog.it

In our country, more than half of the year on the streets dank and gloomy weather. In winter, daylight lasts for a long time, and wants to fly the whole year. This is actually done by creating his own apartment and a colorful rainbow interior design. As a basis we take a light-colored walls and make them vivid shades of green and yellow colors. Mandatory attribute in each room, which will carry the main information load will be a rainbow.

We begin to consider more original design decision to the bedroom. The main bedroom color is white. The emphasis is on the wall, in which there is a bed. Bed linen is chosen in light green. Green has a sedative effect and is perfectly suited for the bedroom. Above the bed 2 / 3 walls crumble in the color of spring grass. In the middle put a picture of a rainbow. A rainbow at the same time depict a spit. On the left wall continue the green theme, with a small cabinet door color diagonal stripes, made ​​from dark to light shades of green. Accentuate the green by adding yellow. Curtains on the windows and seats on the chairs and lamps carry a yellow sun shades.

Turn to the living room. Living room - this is the most active part of the house, so make it a more vibrant colors. Across the room space tricolor paint a rainbow, periodically changing its direction. The greater the change in direction, the more interesting result is obtained. On the ceiling around the fixture form a curl, so it would be like a rainbow encircled the place of attachment of the luminaire. Chairs and tables do white yellow. Curtains choose deep red color. The lamp should not burden the general impression of the room, so do its air and barely noticeable.

Since all appliances mostly dark colors in the living room sofa set black and dilute it with yellow cushions. Closets choose red. Bookcase with books we use as a transition into the working zone of the room, and make it yellow.

The ideal color for the area is rich yellow. This color helps to better focus and increase productivity.

By coincidence, this zone have to be in the bedroom. Wall, in which there is a desktop chip is completely yellow.

Bookshelves hang white flowers. The lamp use is also yellow. On windows use the yellow silk curtains. Animate the work area with fresh flowers. Use flowers that are not in bloom and have a rich dark green foliage. Shelves full of books that are on the floor, making a dark, reddish-yellow.

At the front door of the bed, hang a green light. Fixtures choose not massive, oval-shaped and lightweight as possible. On the door are doing ornament of red flowers that are semi-circle. This becomes a smooth transition into the next room.

Such a rainbow design, you will be warm all year round. The image of the rainbow effect will create a freshness that only held a warm summer rain.

original source uhouse.ru